21^st World Nephrology Conference

The primary cause of high blood pressure remains unknown in almost 90% of the cases. However, some things may play a role in its development, including: Smoking, Obesity, Family history of high blood pressure but there are several secondary causes of hypertension such as Kidney disease, Diabetes, Blocking of arteries, Irrational use of medicines like pain killers, supplements.

High blood pressure (hypertension) is a leading cause of disease and kidney failure (end-stage renal disease)Hypertension can cause damage to the blood vessels and filters in the kidney, making removal of waste from the body difficult. Once a person is diagnosed with end-stage renal disease, dialysis a blood cleansing process or kidney transplantation are necessary. Kidneys are remarkable organs. Inside them are millions of tiny blood vessels that act as filters. Their job is to remove waste products from the blood. Sometimes this filtering system breaks down.

Diabetes can damage the kidneys and cause them to fail. Failing kidneys lose their ability to filter out waste products, resulting in kidney disease. Diabetes can damage this system. High levels of blood sugar make the kidneys filter too much blood. All this extra work is hard on the filters. After many years, they start to leak and useful protein is lost in the urine. Having small amounts of protein in the urine is called microalbuminuria. When kidney disease is diagnosed early, during microalbuminuria, several treatments may keep kidney disease from getting worse. Having larger amounts of protein in the urine is called macroalbuminuria. When kidney disease is caught later during macroalbuminuria, end-stage renal disease, or ESRD, usually follows.